Chiral phase transition and equation of state in chiral imbalance

The chiral phase transition and equation of state are studied within a novel self-consistent mean-field approximation of the two-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model. In this newly developed model, modifications to the chemical μ and chiral chemical \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} potentials are naturally included by introducing vector and axial-vector channels from Fierz-transformed Lagrangian to the standard Lagrangian. In the proper-time scheme, the chiral phase transition is a crossover in the \begin{document}$T-\mu$\end{document} plane. However, when \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} is incorporated, our study demonstrates that a first order phase transition may emerge. Furthermore, the chiral imbalance will soften the equation of state of quark matter. The mass-radius relationship and tidal deformability of quark stars are calculated. The maximum mass and radius decrease as \begin{document}$\mu_5$\end{document} increases. Our study also indicates that the vector and axial-vector channels exhibit an opposite influence on the equation of state.     

弱碱性离子交换树脂D301分离低浓度甲酸的研究

采用D301弱碱性离子交换树脂对水溶液中低浓度甲酸进行分离。静态条件下考察了时间、温度、振荡速率和树脂用量对分离效果的影响,获得了交换等温线;动态条件下考察了不同高径比、流速、温度、浓度下动态穿透曲线;研究了树脂再生效果与稳定性。初始浓度573mg/L的甲酸废水,在树脂用量2.5g/L、温度35℃、振荡速率160r/min条件下,最大交换量为154.16mg/g;其交换等温线符合Langmuir方程,热力学平衡方程计算得G<0,H=10.25kJ/mol,S>0,表明该吸附过程是自发的、吸热、熵增加的过程。交换过程中颗粒扩散是离子交换的主要速率控制步骤,表观活化能与反应级数分别为5.983kJ/mol和0.378。     

CEE实验中TOF探测器数据获取系统的设计

正在研制的低温高密度核物质测量谱仪(CSR External-target Experiment,CEE)系统经过触发后平均数据率可达2 GB/s。针对整个谱仪的设计需求,本文提出了通用的流处理数据获取架构Data-Matrix (D-Matrix),并设计了D-Matrix在飞行时间探测器(Time-of-Flight,TOF)子系统应用的具体方案。TOF系统的数据获取(Data Acquisition,DAQ)系统中使用光纤、PCIe总线等高速串行通信方式完成从前端电子学(Front End Electronic, FEE)到服务器阵列的数据传输,并通过具有统一接口的流处理节点的部署和级联来完成事例组装、命令路由、状态实时监测和数据显示与存储等任务。除此之外,TOF系统的数据获取系统在硬件和逻辑设计上具有良好的通用性,可以兼容其他子探测器系统,并应用于CEE实验的全局系统中。     

Magnetically tunable silicon-ferrite photonic crystals for terahertz circulator

The gyromagnetic properties of ferrite materials and the nonreciprocal property of a silicon-ferrite photonic crystal cavity are investigated in the terahertz region. Through the structure optimization and analysis of defect mode coupling, we design a magnetically tunable circulator, of which central operating frequency can be tuned from 180 to 205 GHz and the maximum isolation is 65.2 dB. Moreover, the further study shows that the gyrotropy, dispersion, and ferromagnetic loss of ferrite materials under the different external magnetic fields greatly affect the transmission and isolation property of this device. This circulator is flexible to realize functions of controllable splitting, routing, filtering and isolation by changing the external magnetic field for the THz applications.     

Microstructure evolution of WC/steel composite by laser surface re-melting

WC/steel composites fabricated by electro-slag melting and casting were re-melted by transverse flow CO₂ laser. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy were used to analyze the microstructure evolution in laser melted layer. It was found that the laser-affected zone has three distinguished zones, the melted, transient and heat affected zone. The phases of the melted zone were composed of WC, Fe₃W₃C, (Cr,Fe)₇C₃, martensite and retained austenite. The microstructure evolution in the melted zone was represented by the transformation of three parts including the steel matrix, WC particles cluster and dispersed carbides. A significant reactant was herringbone eutectic carbide of Fe₃W₃C. The effect of laser scanning rate was mainly behaved in affecting the melt depth, microstructure of transient zone and dissolution of medium carbides. In comparison with the substrate, the melted zone has much higher microhardness.     

黄土地基中大直径超长群桩基础受力特性的模型实验研究

通过室内模型试验,对黄土地基中大直径超长群桩基础的承载-沉降关系、承台下土体附加应力的分布及发展、桩土承载情况以及不同位置桩的受力特性分别进行了研究。结果表明:黄土地基中大直径超长群桩基础荷载-沉降曲线呈缓变型且没有明显拐点,故群桩基础的极限承载力应综合沉降-时间对数s-lgt曲线和荷载-沉降Q-s曲线来确定。承台下土体附加应力分布为边缘大中心小。不同位置的桩承载性能不同,总体上是角桩(6#桩)最大,边桩(5#桩)次之,中心桩(1#桩)最小;同时各桩的桩侧摩阻力及桩身轴力沿桩长的变化也有所不同。     

Imidazole-buffered acidic catholytes for hybrid Li–air batteries with high practical energy density

Hybrid Li–air batteries with acidic catholyte offer high cell voltage and are stable with CO₂ in air. However, the practical capacity of the acidic catholyte is limited by the low concentration of acids utilized and the limited solubility of the discharge products. Only weak acids or diluted strong acids with limited practical capacity are generally used due to the poor stability of the solid electrolyte in low pH solution. We show here the pH of high-concentration, strong acids can be increased to near neutral values by forming a buffer with imidazole additive, which can be used in hybrid Li–air batteries. With the addition of 6.06 mol L^− 1 of imidazole to 6 mol L^− 1 HCl, the solution has a mild pH of ~ 5.0, facilitating the operation of hybrid Li–air batteries with high practical capacity and stability.     

Structure and magnetic properties of flower-like α-NiS nanostructures

In this paper we report the structure and magnetic properties of flower-like α-NiS nanostructure prepared by a facile one-step hydrothermal method. The flowers consist of polycrystalline nanoflakes, and the nanoflakes are composed of single crystalline nanocrystals with an average size of about 15 nm. The α-NiS flowers exhibit the transition from paramagnetism to ferromagnetism with the blocking temperature of about 12 K. The field dependences of the magnetization prove that these flowers demonstrate a coexistence of antiferromagnetism and ferromagnetism at 5 K, and exhibit a strong paramagnetic response at temperature higher than 100 K.     

光纤聚合物探针在非均匀电磁场下的银纳米颗粒极化效应

介绍了光纤探针的制作流程及纳米颗粒的吸附方法,利用时域有限差分法对光纤探针的局域非均匀场下银纳米颗粒增强效应进行了数值模拟。首先,分析了不同形状的光纤聚合物探针尖端电场分布情况,为纳米颗粒的极化效应研究提供了参考;其次,模拟与仿真了纳米颗粒的半径、与探针间的距离对单个银纳米颗粒极化效应的影响;最后,以两个银纳米颗粒为例讨论了颗粒相对位置对极化效果的影响,并证明了光纤探针顶端以外的银纳米颗粒对电场的极化效应没有贡献。本文的仿真结果为光纤探针的制备以及其表面银纳米颗粒的吸附提供了理论支持。     

超强激光场中氢原子辐射高次谐波蒙特卡罗模拟

运用蒙特卡罗方法，模拟和计算出在超强激光场中，氢原子在相对论领域的电离几率和辐射出的高次谐波，并且讨论了氢原子的电离几率和辐射出的高次谐波与激光场的电场和磁场的关系。